Activated Fuller’s Earth used in the contact process employed for decolorizing oils (edible & petroleum), greases and waxes is in the powder form. It highly improves its Tintometer readings.
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Contact filtration process: Contact filtration is the direct agitation of a mixture of a very fine clay and oil, usually at elevated temperature, for a definite period of time to accomplish a desired result.
Bleaching: The selective removal of pigments from oils and fats by adsorption on clay, specially chosen and activated for specific effects is a term known as bleaching.
This is the oldest and still the most common procedure for removing pigments, neutralizing, decolorizing and getting rid of other unwanted minor components from oils destined for edible or technical use.
In the modern world it is also used to recondition used and waste oils of various kinds.
The basic plant consists of
There are now even conventional plant assemblies available capable of performing the contact filtration and press filtration in a single unit.
A pre decided amount of clay is introduced into the oil maintained at desired temperature, which varies from oil to oil, as all oils behave differently. Agitation time is always maintained between 20- 30 minutes.
The oil/clay mixture is then either allowed to settle or passed through a filter press. It has been recognized for decades that in the short period that oil spends passing through the chamber of the filter press a very useful degree of further adsorption takes place. This is called the “press bleach” effect.
Activated Fuller’s Earth is also used in the percolation filter process is in the granular form, this process is usually used for light colour oils like base oil distillates, mainly to improve it UV and PNC values.
Percolation: The term ‘percolation‘ is given to that method of filtering in which the oil to be decolorized is passed through a bed of granular adsorbent aided via the help of gravity.
Filtration: Filtration is the general term applied to the process of removing colour and suspended matter from base stocks for specialty products.
The percolation method is a modern yet a very simple process. At times you would be surprised that even simple adsorption using this method can do wonders to improve the quality of oil. It consists of a vertical steel cylinder closed at both ends and provided with suitable man-heads and pipe connections at the top and bottom to permit the introduction and discharge of clay and oil. A perforated plate or a wire screen at a slight distance above the bottom is provided over which a heavy canvas blanket is placed and clamped to hold the clay in filter yet allow oil to pass through and out of the filter. Size of these filters varies considerably from capacities starting at 3 MT to several hundred.
